Trees act as carbon sinks, absorbing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide (a major greenhouse gas) in their wood, roots, and leaves. This helps mitigate global warming.They form the structural and functional base of forest ecosystems, creating the conditions for countless other plants and animals to thrive.

The ocean absorbs a massive amount of the sun's heat, particularly in the tropics, and transports it around the globe via currents (like the Gulf Stream). This regulates global temperatures, making the planet habitable.

The effects of melting ice glaciers are biodiversity loss, the rising of the sea level and the deficiency of freshwater, among others.

Shiroishi Castle is deeply linked to the Shinsengumi, the famous samurai corps of the Bakumatsu period. The castle's lord, Katakura Kojūrō, was sympathetic to their cause. After the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, the castle became a key refuge for Hijikata Toshizō, the Shinsengumi's legendary vice-commander.